圖片來源：Thought Catalog, Unsplash
Common Signs 內向者的特徵
Do you assume that you know who is an introvert and who isn't? While you might think of an introvert as a shy wallflower who prefers to stay home alone instead of socializing, introverts can actually come in many types with a wide variety characteristics.
在閱讀這篇文章前，請您先問問自己：您認為您身邊的朋友當中有哪些人是內向的？或許您會認為，內向的人通常會是個喜歡獨自待在家裡，而不喜社交的壁花。如果您有這樣的想法，那您對內向的人有了很大的誤解哦。事實上，害羞跟內向並非同義詞喔。
長久以來，人們對於內向有著很大的誤解，圖片來源：Keegan Houser, Unsplash
There are certainly plenty of introverts who are socially reserved and who would prefer to stay home and read a book rather than go to a big party, but there are also plenty of introverts who enjoy socializing. You might even be surprised to learn that many people who you think of as "social butterflies" might actually be quite introverted.
的確，有一部份內向的人對於待在家裡的意願，勝過參與多人在場的活動；不過也有些內向的人喜愛投入各式各樣的社交活動。甚至有些您認為是善於交際的人，其實可能也是內向者哦。
有些善於交際的人其實是內向的，圖片來源：Priscilla Du Preez, Unsplash
The following are just a few of the signs that you (or someone you know) might be an introvert.
為了讓大家判別身邊哪些朋友或是您自己是否為內向者，以下我整理出了幾個重點供大家參考：
1. Being Around Lots of People Drains Your Energy
周遭有太多的人時容易感到疲倦
是否在這樣的環境下容易感到疲倦呢，
圖片來源：Chanan Greenblatt, Unsplash
Do you ever feel exhausted after spending time with a lot of people? After a day interacting with others, do you often need to retreat to a quiet place and have an extended amount of time all to yourself? One of the major characteristics of this personality type is that introverts have to expend energy in social situations, unlike extroverts who gain energy from such interactions.
當您在跟一群人打交道後，是否覺得自己想要好好休息呢？或者在一個陌生的環境裡，跟許多初次見面的人聊天後，是否覺得想好好找個安靜的地方休息呢？如果有這樣的想法，那您應該就是個內向者了。因為在社交場合中，內向者是不斷地在消耗精力的；並不像外向者能夠透由這類的互動獲得能量。
對於內向的人來說，身處在社交環境猶如沒有充電的手機，只是不斷地耗電，圖片來源：Rebecca Aldama, Unsplash
That doesn't mean that all introverts avoid social events altogether.
不過這並不代表所有內向的人都會逃避社交活動哦。
Many introverts actually enjoy spending time around others, with one key caveat—introverts tend to prefer the company of close friends. While an extrovert might go to a party with the goal to meet new people, an introvert intends to spend quality time talking to good friends.
其實許多內向者都喜歡花時間與其他人相處，但有個前提-他們比較喜歡兄弟或是閨密的陪伴。相較於外向者比較喜歡與新朋友或是陌生人閒聊，內向者則是喜歡跟好朋友深聊。
與好朋友深入交談一向是內向者最自在的相處方式，圖片來源：
Anna Vander Stel, Unsplash
2. You Enjoy Solitude 孤獨有時是種享受
內向者有時喜愛跟自己獨處，圖片來源：Rizwan Ramadhan, Unsplash
As an introvert, your idea of a good time is a quiet afternoon to yourself to enjoy your hobbies and interests.
對於內向的人來說，所謂好時光指的是在生活中能擁有一段悠閒的時刻，可以好好投入在自己的興趣。
A few hours alone with a good book, a peaceful nature walk or your favorite television program are great ways to help you feel recharged and energized.
比方說讀本好書、悠閒獨自一人地散步或是看看自己喜歡的電視節目等等，都是內向的人充電的方式。
This does not mean that the average introvert wants to be alone all the time. Many introverts love spending time with friends and interacting with familiar people in social situations. They key thing to remember is that after a long day of social activity, an introvert will probably want to retreat to a quiet place to think, reflect, and recharge.
但這並不表示大部分內向的人都喜歡永遠過著一個人的生活；其實有非常多內向的人平常也喜歡與朋友相處，或是在社交場合上與熟悉的人作互動。不過，無論是喜不喜歡社交場合的內向者，在經過一整天的社交活動後，都會想找個安靜的地方獨處。如此得以恢復消耗過多的精力。
對於內向者來說，一個可以獨處的環境簡直就是個天堂，圖片來源：Jessica F, Unplash
If having a few hours to be alone sounds like your idea of a good time, you just might be an introvert.
所以，如果您認為有可以獨處的時間是一件好事時，那麼大概就可以代表您就是個內向者了。
3. You Have a Small Group of Close Friends
朋友不多，但都是兄弟或是閨密
內向者的朋友不多，但都是知心的，圖片來源：
Matheus Ferrero, Unsplash
One common misconception about introverts is that they don't like people. While introverts typically do not enjoy a great deal of socializing, they do enjoy having a small group of friends to whom they are particularly close.
大眾對於內向者最普遍的誤解就是：內向者不喜歡跟人相處。事實上，儘管內向者大多都不太喜歡過多的社交活動，但他們很喜歡與一些跟自己很親近的朋友在一塊。
Instead of having a large social circle of people they know only on a superficial level, introverts prefer to stick to deep, long-lasting relationships marked by a great deal of closeness and intimacy.
內向者不習慣跟一大群不太熟的人相處，他們比較喜歡跟具有長遠關係且深交的朋友們在一起。
圖片來源：Jez Timms, Unsplash
Researchers have found that people high in this trait tend to have a smaller group of friends. While extroverts generally have a wide circle of friends and acquaintances, introverts typically choose their friends much more carefully. Their closest relationships tend to be profound and significant. They also prefer to interact with people on a one-on-one basis rather than in a large group setting.
心理學家發現，有著偏內向性格的人，他們的朋友通常不會太多。相較於外向者廣泛的交友圈，內向者通常在交朋友方面謹慎許多，他們的朋友關係都是長久且刻苦銘心的。除此之外，他們比較喜愛一對一的互動勝過於在一群陌生或是不太熟悉的人群裡。
內向的人比較喜歡一對一的方式跟人互動，圖片來源：Radu Florin, Unsplash
If your social circle tends to be small but very close, there's a pretty good chance you are an introvert.
所以如果您的交友圈不大，但裡面都是非常熟的朋友，那麼很可能您就是個內向者。
4. People Often Describe You as Quiet and May Find It Difficult to Get to Know You
很多人都會認為您很安靜而且會覺得很難了解您
Introverts are often described as quiet, reserved, mellow and are sometimes mistaken for being shy.
很多人會這麼形容內向的人：安靜、拘謹、成熟以及害羞
圖片來源：Adrian Infernus, Unsplash
While some introverts certainly are shy, people certainly should not mistake an introvert's reserve for timidity. In many cases, people with this personality type simply prefer to choose their words carefully and not waste time or energy on needless chit-chat.
的確，有些內向者是害羞的，不過人們不該認為這等同於膽怯。在許多案例中可以發現，原來有這樣性格的人，只是用字比較謹慎而且不喜歡消耗太多時間跟精力，在那些無謂的閒聊上。
If you are the quiet type and a bit reserved, you probably are an introvert.
所以，如果您本身比較安靜而且有些拘謹(或是矜持)的話，那麼您很可能就是個內向的人。
5. Too Much Stimulation Leaves You Feeling Distracted and Unfocused
有太多外在的刺激時，您很難專注當下而且很容易分心
圖片來源：Antoine Boissonot, Unsplash
When introverts have to spend time in activities or environments that are very hectic, they can end up feeling unfocused and overwhelmed. Extroverts, on the other hand, tend to thrive in situations where there is a lot of activity and few chances of becoming bored.
當內向的人必須身處在一個亂哄哄的環境時，他們很難保持專注而且容易感到疲憊。而另一方面，外向者在這樣的環境下，反而會覺得精神奕奕而且不太會覺得無聊。
圖片來源：madeleine ragsdale, Unsplash
According to at least one study, researchers have found that introverts tend to be more easily distracted than extroverts, which is part of the reason why introverts tend to prefer a quieter, less harried setting.
研究人員根據多項相關研究後發現，相較於外向者，內向者更容易受到外境的干擾。而這也是內向的人在亂哄哄的環境中比較喜歡安靜的部分原因。
If you tend to feel overwhelmed in busy social situations, you probably tend to be an introvert.
綜上所述，如果您在繁忙的環境下易感到疲憊時，那麼您很可能就是個內向的人哦。
6. You Are Very Self-Aware
您具有自我覺察的能力
Because introverts tend to be inward-turning, they also spend a great deal of time examining their own internal experiences. If you feel like you have a very good knowledge and insight into yourself, your motivations, and your feelings, you might be more of an introvert.
因為內向者本身就傾向自身思考，他們也會花很多時間檢視過去的經歷。如果您覺得您很了解自己時，那麼您無疑就是一位內向者。
圖片來源：Nicole Harrington, Unsplash
Introverts tend to enjoy simply thinking about and examining things in their own minds. Self-awareness and self-understanding is important to introverts, so they often devote a great deal of time to learning more about themselves. This might involve exploring hobbies they enjoy, thinking about their lives, and reading books that explore themes and topics that are important to them.
內向者喜歡享受著與自己獨處、跟自己對話的時光。對於他們來說，自我覺察及自身考是生活重要的一部分，所以他們通常會花很多時間來了解自己，這包括了自我探索、思考人生或是讀些他們自己認為相當重要的書。
圖片來源：Thought Catalog, Unsplash
If you feel that you are self-aware and enjoy gaining deep knowledge about yourself, then you might be more of an introvert.
所以如果您覺得您喜歡深入探討自己，那麼您很可能就是個內向的人。
7. You Like to Learn By Watching 喜歡透過觀察來學習
圖片來源：Vladimir Proskurovskiy, Unsplash
Where extroverts tend to prefer to jump right in and learn through hands-on experience, introverts typically prefer learning through observation. While extroverts typically learn through trial and error, introverts learn best by watching.
在接觸新事物時，外向者比較習慣直接親身體驗、透過反覆嘗試來學習；而內向者則是喜歡觀察，透過雙眼來了解。
Introverts like to watch others perform a task, often repeatedly, until they feel that they can replicate the actions on their own. When introverts do learn from personal experience, they prefer to practice somewhere private where they can build their skills and abilities without having to perform for an audience.
在學習的過程中，內向者喜歡重複觀察教學者的動作，直到他們覺得自己可以複製同樣的步驟。當學會之後，他們比較喜歡找個安靜的地方累積自己的經驗及練習，而非在眾人面前展現自己習得的新技巧。
圖片來源：Chen Hu, Unsplash
If you like to learn more by watching rather than doing, there is a chance that you have a more introverted personality.
如果在您過往的學習經驗中，您比較喜歡透過觀察而非實際操作來學習，那麼很可能您就是個內向的人喔。
8. You Are Drawn to Jobs That Involve Independence
您喜歡能獨立完成的工作
As you might imagine, jobs that require a great deal of social interaction usually hold little appeal to people high in introversion. On the other hand, careers that involve working independently are often a great choice for introverts. For example, an introvert might enjoy working as a writer, accountant, computer programmer, graphic designer, pharmacist, or artist.
有些需要大量人際互動及溝通的工作正如您所能想像的，的確比較難吸引到偏內向性格的人。不過這也就代表著，有些幾乎需要獨立完成的工作就很適合內向的人喔。例如：作家、會計師、電腦工程師、圖像設計師、藥劑師或是藝術家都很適合喔。
本篇為內向者的八個特徵(上)的續篇，主要是在描述判別內向者的指標。除了上述八個指標外，其實在內向心理學一書中有提到更多的指標以及背後的科學原理，如果對於內外向性格有興趣的朋友可以參考看看。最後礙於篇幅的關係，就將原文拆成三個部分，在下一篇則是會提到人們對於內向者的誤解、內向與害羞的差異
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