Controlling Type 1 Diabetes with the Ketogenic Diet
利用生酮飲食來控制第一型糖尿病的症狀
Type 1 diabetes causes the same blood sugar control issues as type 2 diabetes, but in an entirely different way. Type 1 diabetics cannot produce enough insulin or any insulin at all, which requires them to have insulin administered exogenously. On top of that, the perfect diet will not be able to reverse this disease as the ketogenic diet can for type 2 diabetes.
第一型糖尿病會造成體內血糖控制的問題與第二型糖尿病是相同的，但是在體內的機轉是完全不同。第一型糖尿病患體內無法生產足量的胰島素，所以他們得利用注射胰島素的方式來治療。綜上所述，最適合這類症狀的飲食方式並不是能夠像是治療第二型糖尿病來迴轉症狀這樣的方式來治療。
However, there may be a perfect diet to help manage type 1 diabetes.
雖然如此，但有一種飲食方式可能可以幫助管控第一型糖尿病。
One case report of a 19-year-old male with Type 1 diabetes found that a paleolithic ketogenic diet may have the ability “to halt or reverse autoimmune processes destructing pancreatic beta cell function in [Type 1 Diabetes].” In other words, a ketogenic diet consisting of low-carbohydrate whole-foods may be able to reverse type 1 diabetes!
一項針對一位19歲的第一型糖尿病的男性患者的個案研究中，研究人員發現，舊石器時代版本的生酮飲食可能迴轉或是停止第一型糖尿病中自體免疫作用破壞胰島B細胞的機轉。也就是說，由低碳的全食組成的生酮飲食可能可以有效迴轉第一型糖尿病。
Although it is a stretch to say that a paleolithic ketogenic diet can reverse type 1 diabetes, a recent critical evaluation of the literature confirms that the ketogenic diet is the best-documented diet for controlling type 1 diabetes.
雖說舊石器版本的生酮飲食是可以迴轉第一型糖尿病就上述所言僅是科學上的推斷而已，但最近也有一項確切的研究證明了生酮飲食是最能控制第一型糖尿病病情的飲食法。
The group of 26 leading researchers stated that there is
“…evidence supporting the use of low-carbohydrate diets as the first approach to treating type 2 diabetes and as the most effective adjunct to pharmacology in type 1. They represent the best-documented, least controversial results.”
26位研究人員代表表示：研究證據支持低碳飲食作為治療第二型糖尿病的首要方式而且這種飲食法在藥理上也是最有效治療第一型糖尿病的輔助療法。這項研究結果正是最好的證據且最不具有爭議性。
The Takeaway: A whole-food-based ketogenic diet is the best diet for keeping type 1 diabetes under control and may even help treat it.
摘要：以全食為基礎的生酮飲食是最適合用於控制甚至協助治療第一型糖尿病病情的飲食法
Recommendations: if you have type 1 diabetes, a whole-food based ketogenic diet may be the best diet for you. However, make sure you consult with your doctor about adjusting your treatment plan before making these changes.
推薦的治療方式：如果您正罹患第一型糖尿病，全食為基礎的生酮飲食可能最適合您了。但是在調整飲食方式前，您必須要先諮詢您的醫生，以確保您是否真的適合這類型的飲食方式。
For more in-depth information, check out:
如果想更深入了解相關資訊，請點閱以下頁面：
How to Lower Your Blood Sugar Naturally
Improving Blood Pressure With the Ketogenic Diet
透過生酮飲食來改善血壓
According to the World Health Organization, high blood pressure is estimated to cause about 12.8% of the total of all deaths. Luckily, The ketogenic diet may be the solution, according to a 2007 study.
根據WHO的資料估計，大約有12.8%的死亡人數是源自於高血壓。幸好，根據一項2007年的研究，生酮飲食可能是個解方。
In this study, researchers compared the impact of a low-carbohydrate diet and three other diets on blood pressure and other measures of cardiovascular fitness in women. After the 12 month trial, all subjects who successfully completed their respective diet experienced notable reductions in body mass, triglycerides, and LDL cholesterol. Those in the low-carbohydrate diet group, however, had the best results.
在這項研究中，研究人員將低碳飲食與其他三種飲食法以及管控心血管健康措施對於女性的影響做比較。經過12個月的實驗，所有的方式都能降低體重、三酸甘油脂和LDL膽固醇。但是採用低碳飲食法的組別，有著最佳的效果。
These participants decreased their systolic blood pressure by an average of 7.6 mm Hg — twice more than any other group. Their diastolic pressure also decreased by 2.93% from 75 mm Hg to 72.8 mm Hg.
在實驗過程中，這組實驗參與者的平均收縮壓下降了7.6mm Hg，比其他兩組多了兩倍。此外，他們的舒張壓也下降了約2.93%，原本的75mm Hg降至72.8mm Hg。
These findings were confirmed in another interesting study. Researchers compared the effects of the low-carbohydrate diet to the effects of a combination of a low-fat diet and orlistat (a weight-loss and blood pressure lowering medication) on blood pressure. The researchers stated that the low-carbohydrate dietary intervention “was more effective for lowering blood pressure.”
上述實驗結果被另一項有趣的研究所證實。研究人員將低碳飲食對血壓的效果與低脂搭配羅氏鮮〈一種減重和降血壓的藥物〉的飲食法做比較。研究人員發現，低碳飲食在降血壓上較為有效。
Does this mean that you should throw away your blood pressure medication and dive into the ketogenic diet? Not just yet — you should first consult with your dietitian or doctor to see if cutting some carbs is a suitable strategy for you
那麼這代表您應該要丟掉您降血壓的藥物然後全心投入生酮飲食嗎？先別急，您現在需要的是先諮詢您的營養師或是醫生，問問看他們，如果控制碳水的攝取量，是適合自己的身體狀況嗎？
The Takeaway: A low-carbohydrate diet is more effective than a low-fat and moderate-fat diet at reducing blood pressure. Limiting carbohydrates even produces better results than the combination of a low-fat diet and a weight-loss/blood pressure drug.
摘要：在降血壓上，低碳飲食比低脂或是適量脂肪含量的飲食得更有效。控制碳水化合物的飲食法降血壓的效果甚至比低脂搭配減重/降血壓的藥物來得更好。
Recommendations: If you are interested in lowering blood pressure, a diet with 50 or fewer grams of carbohydrates per day might be an effective method. Consult with your doctor and dietitian to see if it’s a suitable choice based on your medical history.
推薦療法：如果您對於降血壓有興趣的話，將碳水化合物控制在50克以下/每日的飲食可能是最有效的。請記得在改變飲食方式前，先去找醫生和營養師做相關諮詢，來確保這樣的飲食法是否適合自己。
For more in-depth information, check out:
如果您想更深入了解相關資訊，請點閱下列頁面：
Can a Low Carb Diet Lower Blood Pressure?
The Power to Improve the Alzheimer’s Disease
改善阿茲海默症的有力解方-生酮飲食
Earlier in this article, I briefly mentioned how consuming too much sugar can impair brain function and cause plaque build up in the brain. Many studies on Alzheimer’s disease patients agree with the biochemistry as well. In fact, A group of scientists reviewed the literature and concluded that “high carbohydrate intake worsens cognitive performance and behavior in patients with Alzheimer’s disease.” This means that eating more carbohydrates cause more problems in the brain. Will the opposite (eating fewer carbs) improve brain function?
在前面的文章，我已經簡短說明，攝取過多的糖分會影響腦部功能而且會在腦部產生斑塊。許多關於阿茲海默症的研究中參與研究的病人的檢驗結果也證實了這樣的生化效應。除此之外，有些科學家做了相關文獻回顧並以〝攝取高碳水會使罹患阿茲海默症的病患認知表現變更差〞這表示，吃進更多的碳水會造成腦部更多的病變。那麼如果說吃進較少的碳水改善這些病患的腦部功能嗎？
Recent studies on the ketogenic diet provide evidence that it may be able to reverse Alzheimer’s disease. Experiments on ketone supplementation specifically found that the ketone body, β-hydroxybutyrate, improved memory function of Alzheimer’s patients.
近年來針對生酮飲食的研究，提供了生酮飲食可能可以轉阿茲海默症的證據。酮類補充的實驗中發現，酮體〈ketone body〉、β-羥基丁酸〈β-hydroxybutyrate〉這兩項物質改善了阿茲海默症病患的記憶功能。
Scientists validated this finding by giving MCT oil (a fat found in coconut oil that is usually converted into ketones in the liver) to Alzheimer’s patients and tested their memory. They found that the Alzheimer’s patients experienced greater memory recall that directly correlated with their blood levels of ketone bodies.
在實驗後，科學家把MCT油〈一種可以在肝臟中轉換為酮體且在椰子油中能被找到的油脂〉給阿茲海默症的病患做使用並且檢驗他們的記憶力。他們發現，阿茲海默症的記憶力變得更好是與血液中的酮體水準有直接性的關係。
Other benefits that ketone bodies have on brain health are:
酮體對於腦部健康的其他效益為：
They prevent neuronal loss. 能預防神經元的流失
They preserve neuron function. 能維持神經元的功能
They protect brain cells against multiple types of injury. 能保護腦細胞而不被多種傷害侵襲
The Takeaway: The combination of carbohydrate restriction and ketones improves brain function and may help prevent and reverse Alzheimer’s disease. Conversely, a high-carbohydrate diet is deleterious to brain health.
摘要：控制碳水的攝取量再搭配酮類的補充可以改善腦部功能而且可以幫助預防並迴轉阿茲海默症。相對而言，高碳水化合物含量的飲食對腦部的健康是有害的。
Recommendations: Try supplementing with MCT oil and restricting carbohydrates to improve brain function and prevent (or reduce the severity of) Alzheimer’s disease.
推薦療法：可以試試補充MCT油與控制碳水化合物的攝取，這能改善腦部功能並預防〈或是減緩病情〉阿茲海默症的病發。
Parkinson’s Disease Symptoms Reduced By Ketogenic Diet
利用生酮飲食減緩帕金森氏症
One recently published clinical study tested the effects of the ketogenic diet on symptoms of Parkinson’s disease. In this study, Parkinson’s disease patients experienced a mean of 43% reduction in Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale scores after a 28-day ketogenic diet.
近年來有一項針對生酮飲食對於帕金森氏症的影響的臨床研究。在這項研究，經過28天的生酮飲食後，罹患帕金森症的病患在統一帕金森氏症評定量表上的分數平均下降了大約43%
All participating patients reported moderate to very good improvement in symptoms. The researchers hypothesize that these results are partly due to the increase in essential fatty acid consumption that is common with ketogenic diets.
所有參與研究的病患的症狀有了一定幅度的改善。研究人員推測，這些研究結果有一部份是因為必須脂肪酸攝取量的增加，而這個原因正與生酮飲食有關。
The Takeaway: The ketogenic diet improves the quality of life and reduces the symptoms of patients with Parkinson’s disease.
摘要：生酮飲食可以改善帕金森氏症病患的症狀與生活品質。
Recommendations: If you have or are developing Parkinson’s disease, speak to your doctor about going on a ketogenic diet and join the Ruled.me community for support.
推薦療法：如果您正罹患帕金森氏症或是開始有帕金森氏症的徵兆，那麼您可以詢問您的醫生是否能進行生酮飲食並加入Ruled.me這個社群來獲得幫助。
Improve Cholesterol Levels and Reverse Heart Disease with The Ketogenic Diet
生酮飲食改善膽固醇水準和迴轉心臟疾病的效果
Although the ketogenic diet tends to be high in saturated fat (commonly thought to increase cholesterol), it has been found to improve cholesterol levels and reduce the risk of heart disease.
雖說生酮飲食較容易攝取較多的飽和脂肪〈一般認為會增加膽固醇〉，但目前已經發現，它能改善膽固醇水準並能降低罹患心臟疾病的風險。
In a recent meta-analysis published in the British Journal of Nutrition, researchers investigated the impacts of very-low-carbohydrate ketogenic diets (VLCKD) on key metrics of cardiovascular health including HDL cholesterol.
最近在英國營養學期刊上刊載了一篇整合性分析，其中研究人員針對極低碳水生酮飲食〈VLCKD〉對於包括HDL膽固醇的心血管健康關鍵指標的影響作研究。
The authors defined a VLCKD as a diet of less than 50g of carbohydrates.
〈註〉所謂極低碳水生酮飲食〈VLCKD〉是指將每日的碳水攝取量控制在50克內的飲食法。
After examining 12 studies including 1257 patients, they found that the VLCKD increases HDL by double the average increase in HDL of the low-fat dieters. As a result, the authors concluded that carbohydrate-restricted diets confer cardiovascular benefits because they improve levels on HDL in the body.
在經過12個研究、1257個病患參與研究後，研究人員發現，VLCKD提升HDL的水準約等於低脂飲食組的兩倍。因為有這樣的實驗結果，研究人員以〝控制碳水的飲食能有心血管方面的效益是因為這種飲食法能改善體內的HDL水準〞作結。
However, one of the most important risk factors for heart disease is the “bad” LDL cholesterol. How does the ketogenic impact LDL cholesterol levels?
In a 2006 study, researchers assessed the effects of carbohydrate restriction on LDL cholesterol in a group of 29 men for a 12-week weight-loss intervention. Their LDL cholesterol levels improved, leading to the conclusion that:
但是，另一項最關鍵的心臟疾病風險因素是所謂〝壞〞的膽固醇：LDL膽固醇。那麼生酮飲食會怎麼影響LDL膽固醇水準呢？在一項2006年的研究中，研究人員以29位男性作為期12周的減重實驗來取得碳水控制對於LDL膽固醇的效果。他們的LDL膽固醇的水準在12周後有了改善，這樣的結果讓研究人員有了這樣的結論：
…weight loss induced by carb restriction favorably alters the secretion and processing of plasma lipoproteins, rendering VLDL, LDL, and HDL particles associated with decreased risk for atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease.
...以碳水控制的方式來減重可以改變血漿脂蛋白、VLDL〈極低密度脂蛋白〉、LDL與HDL分子呈現的分泌和處理流程、這些與降低動脈粥樣硬化慢性心臟疾病有關。
In another study on women, researchers confirmed that the ketogenic diet resulted in favorable changes in LDL particles consistent with lower cardiovascular disease risk. However, the total LDL cholesterol did not change. This is why it is important to test the levels of different LDL particles.
在另一項以女性為研究對象的研究中，研究人員證實生酮飲食會導致LDL分子良好的改變，這與降低心血管疾病風險是一致的。但是，LDL總膽固醇並沒有改變。這是為何檢驗不同的LDL分子的水準是很重要的。
Looking at the LDL number itself may be misleading, especially on the ketogenic diet.
單看LDL數值本身會誤導大眾，特別是提到生酮飲食的時候。
The Takeaway: Low carbohydrate diets can help optimize cholesterol levels, and reduce the risk of heart disease.
摘要：低碳飲食可以幫助優化膽固醇水準並能降低罹患心臟疾病的風險。
Recommendations: If you have high levels of LDL particles and VLDL particles, consider adopting a carbohydrate-restricted diet. To optimize your LDL cholesterol levels, consider adopting a diet high in healthy monounsaturated fats and low-carb vegetables. Some examples of keto-friendly foods that are high in monounsaturated fats are olive oil, avocado, and macadamia nuts.
推薦療法：如果您正有高的LDL分子與VLDL水準，您可以考慮採用碳水控制的飲食方式。如果您想優化您的LDL膽固醇水準，那麼您可考慮採用富含健康的單元不飽和脂肪酸和低碳蔬菜的飲食法。包括橄欖油、酪梨和夏威夷果仁均屬於這類型的食物。
For more in-depth information, check out:
如果您想更深入了解相關資訊，請點閱以下頁面：
The Ketogenic Diet and Cholesterol
留言列表
特色咖啡廳 (2)
